Italian

The Course of Architectural Restoration/21253 consists of two teaching modules: Architectural Restoration/21275 and Architectural Restoration Studio/21274.
The teaching module of Architectural Restoration /21275 (together with the Architectural Restoration Studio/21274) aims to lead students towards the acquisition and development of skills and technical expertise necessary for the drafting of a restoration project, including analytical, diagnostic and technical-executive elements for its implementation on site. Therefore, prior knowledge on the history of architecture, direct and indirect survey techniques, materials, construction systems and foundations of building statics, as well as graphic representation skills are required.

The teaching module of Architectural Restoration/21275 covers theoretical and methodological foundations of restoration and the evolution of the discipline over time; methods and techniques for the analysis and diagnosis of existing buildings, especially those of ancient construction; theoretical, methodological and technical bases of the design and intervention phases of the analyzed buildings; national and international regulatory references for the protection, conservation and restoration of the architectural heritage and cultural landscape.
There will be 90 hours of educational activities for 9CFU including:
- 80 of ex-cathedra lessons
- 10 of discussions/debates starting from the topics covered.
Professionals, member of construction companies and of Institutions for protecting heritage will be also involved during the ex-cathedra lessons, so as to provide in-depth analysis and missing elements allowing students to acquire the above-mentioned skills and expertise. The professor will also support the activities of the teaching module of Architectural restoration Studio/21274, in the classroom and/or in situ, through the participation to the on-site inspections and to the mid-term reviews in which all the professors of the general course (21253) will be involved for an effective integration of disciplines in the process of conservation and enhancement of the architectural heritage.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Architectural Restoration/21275:
Ex-cathedra lessons (80 hours):
1_Foundations of architectural restoration
The concept of "monument" over time; Terminological issues: restoration, conservation, restoration, recovery, maintenance; The continuity between the past and the present: "architettura sulle preesistenze diversamente valutate nel tempo"; Birth and development of the modern restoration (19th century) through its
main protagonists (Viollet-Le-Duc, Ruskin, Morris, Boito, Beltrami, D'Andrade, Rubbiani); The main protagonists of restoration in the 20th century (Riegl, Giovannoni, Pane, Bonelli, Brandi,
De Angelis D'Ossat) and new perspectives up to the contemporary debate; national and international Institutions, standards, documents and policies for the protection, conservation and restoration of architectural heritage.
2_The restoration project
The main critical issues of architectural restoration: distinctiveness, minimum intervention, reversibility, compatibility; The ancient-new relationship.
3_Analysis of historical sources and survey
Criteria for bibliographic, archive and iconographic research; The monument/document: the graphic and photographic survey and the main archaeometric methods; From the analysis of historical sources (direct and indirect) to the critical interpretation.
4_The traditional building site: materials, techniques, construction elements
Materials and manufacturing techniques in historical buildings: stone, ceramic products, binders and plasters, wood and metals; Traditional structural building systems (foundations, masonry, floors, roofs, stairs) and finishing systems (plasters, door and window frames).
5_Material degradation and structure diagnostics
Causes and processes of degradation (humidity, physical and/or chemical alteration, biological agents, geological, anthropic factors); Analysis of structural mechanisms and instability; Thematic maps: degradation and crack scenarios; Masonry Quality Index (IQM).
6_Conservation techniques and re-use
The conservation of stone surfaces; The treatment of brick curtains; Interventions on plasters and painted surfaces; The restoration of wooden elements: pest control, consolidation, integration, preventive treatments; The restoration of damage caused by humidity; Structural safety and provisional works; Analysis of use vocations and functional organization charts; Solutions for the conservation of vertical and horizontal structures.

Discussion (10 hours):
Cross-sectional discussion starting from the topics discussed in the ex-cathedra lessons so as to encourage the student’s critical spirit.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Please refer to the Integrated Course sheet.

Basic:
- “Tecniche della conservazione”, Bellini A. (a cura di), Franco Angeli, Milano 1986 (IV ed. aggiornata 1992)
- “Trattato di restauro architettonico”, G. Carbonara (a cura di), Utet, Torino 1996 e aggiornamenti
- “Avvicinamento al restauro. Teoria, storia, monumenti”, G. Carbonara, Liguori, Napoli 1997
- “Il manuale del restauro architettonico”, L. Zevi, Mancosu, Roma 2001

In addition:
1_Foundations of architectural restoration
- “Profilo storico”, M.P. Sette, in “Trattato di restauro architettonico”, G. Carbonara (a cura di), Utet, Torino 1996, V1
- “La cultura del restauro. Teorie e fondatori”, S. Casiello (a cura di), Marsilio, Venezia 1996
- “Il restauro e i monumenti. Materiali per la storia del restauro”, C. Di Biase (a cura di), Maggioli, Santarcangelo di Romagna 2007.
- “Restauro architettonico. Padri, teorie, immagini”, B.P. Torsello, Franco Angeli, Milano 1997.
- “La nascita del restauro. Storia, imitazione, stile”, S.F. Musso, in “Storia dell'architettura moderna. Imitazione e invenzione tra XV e XX secolo”, G. Pigafetta, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 2007, V2
- “History of Architectural Conservation”, J. Jokilehto, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford 2011
2_The restoration project
- “Che cos’è il restauro? Nove studiosi a confronto”, da una idea di B.P. Torsello, Marsilio, Venezia 2005
- “Restauro: punto e daccapo. Frammenti per una (impossibile) teoria”, M. Dezzi Bardeschi, Franco Angeli, Milano 1991
- “La materia del restauro”, B.P. Torsello, Marsilio, Venezia 1988
- “Antico e Nuovo. Architettura e architetture”, Ferlenga, E. Vassallo, F. Schellino (a cura di), Il Poligrafo, Venezia 2007
3_Analysis of historical sources and survey
- “Indicazioni metodologiche per lo studio storico dell'architettura”, in AA.VV., “Lineamenti di storia dell'architettura”, Carucci, Assisi-Roma 1978
- “Il rilievo per il restauro”, L. Marino, Hoepli, Milano 1990
- “Analisi degli antichi edifici”, G. Carbonara (a cura di), in Idem, “Trattato di restauro architettonico”, Utet, Torino 1996, V2
- “Restauro dei Monumenti. Guida agli elaborati grafici”, G. Carbonara, Liguori, Napoli 1990
4_The traditional building site: materials, techniques, construction elements
- “I materiali nell'edilizia storica. Tecnologia e impiego dei materiali tradizionali”, U. Menicali, NIS, Roma 1992
- “L’arte di costruire presso i romani. Materiali tecniche”, J.P. Adam, Longanesi, Milano 1988
- “Atlante delle tecniche costruttive tradizionali. Lo stato dell'arte, i protocolli della ricerca. L'indagine documentaria”, G. Fiengo, L. Guerriero (a cura di), Arte Tipografica Editrice, Napoli 2003
- “Manuale del recupero del comune di Roma”, F. Giovanetti (a cura di), DEI, Roma 2000
- “Manuale del recupero del comune di Città di Castello”, C. Varagnoli, DEI, Roma 1992
- “La materia degli edifici antichi”, C. Varagnoli, “Trattato di Restauro Architettonico”, in G. Carbonara (a cura di), Utet, Torino 1996, V1
5_Material degradation and structure diagnostics
- “Raccomandazioni Normal 1/88, Alterazioni macroscopiche dei materiali lapidei: lessico”, CNR-ICR, Roma 1988 (e aggiornamenti)
- “Illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns/Glossaire illustré sur les formes d’altération de la pierre, ICOMOS-ISCS, 2008, www.icomos.org
- “Recupero e restauro degli edifici storici. Guida pratica al rilievo e alla diagnostica”, S. F. Musso, EPC, Roma 2010
- “La diagnosi nel restauro architettonico. Tecniche, procedure, protocolli”, C. Arcolao, Marsilio, Venezia 2008
6_Conservation techniques and re-use
- “Tecniche di restauro. Aggiornamento”, S. F. Musso (a cura di), Utet, Torino 2013
- “Manuale operativo per il Restauro Architettonico”, S. Franceschi, L. Germani, DEI, Roma 2010
- “Restauro Architettonico: il tema dell’uso”, AA.VV, Essegi, Ravenna 1990
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