Italian

A Basic knowledge in Mathematics, Physics and General Chemistry is preparatory to the teaching

The course consists of a balance of theoretical lectures (4 ECTS, 32 hours) supported by presentations and classroom practicals (2 ECTS, 16 hours). The student can download from the e-learning web platform the educational material organised in learning units and the materials for the classroom practicals.

The student will acquire a basic knowledge on the nomenclature, the structure and the properties of organic compounds. He will know the mechanisms of the main organic reactions and the fundamental correlations between structure and reactivity. He will learn the concepts of molecular orbitals, hybrid orbitals, resonance, aromaticity, polarity, intermolecular forces and stereochemistry.

At the end of the course, students will have achieved, as professional skills, the ability to identify the fundamental reaction that can pose a risk to the environment and interpret chemical phenomena associated with environmental emergencies.

Students will obtain independent judgment for the analysis and understanding of the various chemical phenomena related to environmental management. It must also acquire the communication skills so they can clearly transfer information, ideas, problem’s solutions and techniques to specialists representative of the various and specific areas involved in environmental management.

The functional groups. Alkanes, Nomenclature, Constitutional Isomers, Conformational Isomers, Combustion, Substitution (of H by halogen), Cycloalkanes, Configurational Isomers, Stereoisomers, Stereochemistry, Chirality & Symmetry, Optical Activity, Configurational Nomenclature, Compounds with Several Stereogenic Centers, Fischer Projection Formulas, Achiral Diastereomers, Summary of Isomerism, Alkenes & Alkynes, Nomenclature, Geometric Isomers, Carbocations, Electrophilic Additions, Electrophilic Halogen Reagents, Other Electrophilic Reagents, Reduction, Oxidation, Hydrogenation, Acidity of Terminal Alkynes (Substitution of H), Benzene & Derivatives, Nomenclature, Resonance, Electrophilic Substitution, Reactions of Substituted Benzenes, Reaction Characteristics, Alkyl Halides, Nomenclature, General Reactivity, Substitution(of X), SN2 Mechanism, SN1 Mechanism, Elimination (of HX). Alcohols, Nomenclature, Reactions of Alcohols, Substitution of the Hydroxyl H, Substitution of the Hydroxyl Group, Elimination of Water, Oxidation of Alcohols, Reactions of Phenols, Acidity of Phenols, Oxidation to Quinones, Antioxidant activity, Ethers, Nomenclature, Reactions of Ethers, Acid Cleavage, Epoxide Reactions, Thiols & Sulfides, Sulfur Analogs of Alcohols & Ethers. Amines, Nomenclature, Properties of Amines, Basicity of Nitrogen Compounds, Reagent Bases, Reactions of Amines. Aldehydes & Ketones, Nomenclature, Occurrence of Aldehydes & Ketones, Properties of Aldehydes & Ketones, Reversible Addition Reactions, Hydration & Hemiacetal Formation, Acetal Formation, Imine Formation, Enamine Formation, Organometallic Reagents Additions, The Aldol Reaction, Ambident Enolate Anions, Carboxylic Acids, Nomenclature, Related Derivatives, Acidity, Salt Formation, Substitution of Hydroxyl Hydrogen, Substitution of the Hydroxyl Group, Reduction & Oxidation, Carboxylic Derivatives, Nomenclature, Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives, Acylic nucleophilic Substitution, Mechanism, Acidity of α C–H, The Claisen Condensation. Heterocycles.

The exam consists of a written exam. The test contains ten/thirteen multiple-choice questions and four more complex exercises on nomenclature, stereochemistry and reaction mechanisms. A score of one is assigned to each question; to every exercise, depending on the complexity, a maximum score between 5 and 7 will be assigned in order to reach the 33 potentially acquirable points. The test mark has to be of at least 16 points, in this case two more points may be added during the discussion of the written exam. The exam is passed when the final grade is greater than or equal to 18.

The student will have to demonstrate to possess a sound knowledge (theoretical and applied to exercises) of the nomenclature, the structure, the physical and chemical properties and the reactivity of organic compounds.

The final mark is attributed in thirtieths. Successful completion of the examination will lead to grades ranging from 18 to 30, and 30 with laud.

The final mark is attributed by summing the scores obtained in the written exam. The test mark has to be of at least 16 points, in this case two more points may be added during the discussion of the written exam to reach a final grade of 18. The laud is attributed when the score obtained by the previous sum exceeds the value of 30.

Gorzynski Smith Fondamenti di chimica organica 2/ed • ISBN: 978-88-386-6825-8 McGraw-Hill Education, Milano. All other educational material is available on the e-learning web Platform.